![]() ![]() In this investigation, we unfurled the potential of Achatina fulica mucus in green synthesis of mucus mediated copper oxide bio-nanocomposites (SM-CuONC) and cobalt oxide bio-nanocomposites (SM-Co 3O 4NC). In addition, we are also facing the problems of controlling oxidative stress and insect originated diseases like dengue, malaria, chikungunya, etc. Addressing these challenges and committing to strategic resource management will contribute to creating a resilient and equitable future.In the present era, we are facing different health problems mainly concerning with drug resistance in microorganisms as well as in cancer cells. Emphasizing critical minerals during COP28 is essential for creating solutions to reach our global sustainability goals and fostering innovation and collaboration. India is exploring similar recycling policies. The EU mandates battery importers to track raw materials and recycled content, often imposing recycling targets as per the EU Waste from Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Act.Įffective infrastructure allows repeated mineral recycling, reducing primary supply reliance amidst rising demand. Acknowledging this shift, the U.S.’ Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act initiated a US$6 billion grant program, splitting funds for electric vehicle (EV) supply chain materials (including the refining of nickel, lithium, cobalt and rare earth elements) and battery manufacturing and recycling. Recycling for Efficient Resource UtilisationĬritical mineral recycling is pivotal in sustainable resource management, addressing environmental concerns and scarcity. These knowledge exchanges shall fortify mineral sourcing, foster sustainable practices in extraction and support global moves toward renewable energy and sustainable development. India’s revised MDMR Act and auctions aim to leverage global expertise for mineral discovery through enhanced geological data processing. ![]() Engaging private agencies in exploration brings advanced expertise and finance for deep-seated minerals. COP28 offers a vital space for nations to discuss and forge agreements on cutting-edge mining tech transfers. Sharing tech advances in mining, extracting and processing critical minerals enhances efficiency, cuts environmental impact and promotes responsible extraction. Technology Transfers to Accelerate the Transition It will be intriguing to witness how COP28 navigates the delicate equilibrium between self-sufficiency and international collaboration in the upcoming deliberations. Conversely, Indonesia and China have opted for export bans on minerals like nickel ore, germanium, and gallium, impacting international prices and fostering more export restrictions.Ī blend of both strategies - encouraging local production alongside international partnerships - is likely necessary for a robust and stable critical mineral framework. Nations like Chile and India focus on developing domestic production from underutilised mineral resources, while Australia targets expanding refining capabilities. However, diversification sometimes blurs with protectionism, leading countries to adopt varied approaches. Global efforts, including the EU’s battery regulation, MSP, the United States of America’s (the U.S.) Inflation Reduction Act, Australia and Canada’s Critical Minerals Strategies aim to diversify highly concentrated supply chains. Strategic Mineral Management: Protectionist versus Global Cooperation Countries like India need some strategies to mitigate the same. This concentration is a source of concern as it heightens the risk of supply chain vulnerabilities, geopolitical tensions and potential monopolistic control, posing threats to global economic stability and security. Australia produces 55% of the world’s lithium, whereas South Africa mines 72% of the world’s platinum output. Further, 68% of nickel, 40% of copper, 59% of lithium, and 73% of cobalt global refining also takes place in China. China accounts for 70% and 85% of the world’s rare earth mining and processing capacities, respectively. Critical minerals are poised to shape the future energy landscape, akin to how oil has historically shaped global economies and industries, but global reliance on China for these resources poses significant concerns. ![]()
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